Which term describes tumor spread through natural body cavities?

Seeding is the term that accurately describes tumor spread through natural body cavities. This phenomenon occurs when cancer cells disseminate from a primary tumor into the surrounding body cavities, such as the peritoneal or pleural spaces. The cancer cells can then implant in these cavities and form secondary tumor sites. This type of spread is particularly common in certain cancers, such as ovarian or mesothelioma, where the tumors can shed cells into these cavities, leading to a widespread infiltration of cancer cells.

In contrast, lymphatic spread refers to the movement of cancer cells through the lymphatic system, often resulting in involvement of regional lymph nodes. Hematogenous spread describes the dissemination of tumor cells via the bloodstream, allowing them to reach distant organs. Localized growth indicates the tumor remains confined to its original site without spreading. Understanding these differences is crucial in veterinary oncology for diagnosis, treatment planning, and prognosis evaluation in small animals.