What term is used to describe the spread of cancer to other parts of the body?

The term "metastasis" specifically refers to the process by which cancer cells spread from the original (primary) tumor to distant sites within the body, creating secondary tumors. This phenomenon involves cancer cells breaking away from the primary tumor, traveling through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, and ultimately establishing themselves in new tissues or organs. Metastasis is a critical aspect of cancer progression and significantly influences treatment options and prognoses.

In contrast, invasion refers to the direct extension and infiltration of cancer cells into adjacent normal tissues. Proliferation describes the rapid increase in the number of cancer cells, leading to tumor growth, but it doesn't imply spreading to other body parts. Local recurrence refers to the return of cancer at the original site after treatment, rather than its spread to other regions. Understanding these terms is essential for comprehending the dynamics of cancer behavior and its clinical implications.