What term describes the spread of cancer cells to distant sites in the body?

The spread of cancer cells to distant sites in the body is referred to as metastasis. This process involves cancer cells breaking away from the primary tumor, traveling through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, and establishing new tumors in other organs or tissues. Metastasis is a key characteristic of malignant tumors, distinguishing them from benign tumors, which do not spread in this way.

Understanding metastasis is crucial for diagnosing the stage of cancer and determining appropriate treatment options. It illustrates the aggressive nature of certain types of cancer and has significant implications for prognosis. The ability of cancer cells to metastasize complicates treatment approaches and is a primary reason why advanced cancers are often more challenging to manage successfully.