How is "neoplasia" defined in veterinary medicine?

Neoplasia in veterinary medicine is defined as the abnormal growth of tissue, which can be either benign or malignant. This definition captures the essence of neoplasia, highlighting that it involves the uncontrolled proliferation of cells that may form tumors. These tumors can be non-cancerous (benign), which do not invade surrounding tissues or metastasize, or cancerous (malignant), which have the potential to invade other tissues and spread throughout the body.

The focus on "abnormal growth" is crucial because it distinguishes neoplasia from other tissue responses, such as inflammation or normal regenerative processes. Inflammation involves the body's response to injury or infection and is not characterized by the unregulated multiplication of cells. Normal tissue regeneration refers to the body's mechanisms to repair and replace damaged tissues, which occurs in a controlled manner and typically returns the tissue to its normal state.

By understanding that neoplasia encompasses both benign and malignant growths, veterinary professionals can better assess tumors in small animals and decide on appropriate diagnostic and treatment protocols. This comprehensive definition is essential for distinguishing neoplasia from other pathological processes that affect tissue.